68 - Roman Emperor Nero commits suicide, imploring his secretary Epaphroditos to slit his throat to evade a Senate-imposed death by flogging.
1549 - England enforces Act of Supremacy
1752 - French army surrenders to the British in Trichinopoly India
1930 - Chicago Tribune reporter Jake Lingle is killed during rush hour at the Illinois Central train station by the Leo Vincent Brothers, allegedly over a $100,000 USD gambling debt owed to Al Capone.
1190 - Third Crusade: Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa drowns while crossing the Saleph River (now called the Göksu in modern Turkey) while leading an army to Jerusalem.
1624 - Netherlands & France sign anti-Spanish Treaty of Compiègne
1915 - British/French troops conquer German colony of Cameroon
1940 - Italy declares war on France & Britain during WW II
1373 - Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of Alliance (world's oldest) signed in London
1917 - World War I: the deadliest German air raid on London during World War I is carried out by Gotha G bombers and results in 162 deaths, including 46 children, and 432 injuries.