It was invented by Carl Baunscheidt in 1848. In medicine prior to the Civil War, there were three common methods of treating illness: bleeding, blistering and purging. This device was used for blistering. The theory behind Baunscheidts device was that if you rubbed the skin with toxic oils, you used the lebenswecker to pierce the skin and cause a counter irritation that would divert the bodys attention away from the sickness or infection to fight this new affliction. Baunscheidt claimed this method could cure all types of illnesses toothache, baldness, whooping cough and even mental disorders by creating additional pores in the skin to allow toxic substances to be more rapidly exuded.
Other theories regarding the item was that it was possibly an early form of acupuncture, although this was denied by Baunscheidt. He also invented a device for smallpox vaccination.